"How to see the fog on the mountain side", this is Napoleon's lament from the bottom of the heart in Waterloo. After hundreds of years of vicissitudes, modern military means can easily see through the mountains and the mountains, but they are still trapped in the fog of future wars. Inertial navigation system is one of the important means to see through the fog of war.
At present, the inertial navigation system can be divided into two categories: platform inertial navigation and strapdown inertial navigation. Before the Strapdown Inertial Navigation was popular, platform inertial navigation was the earliest application of the navigation industry "older generation", mainly installing gyroscopes and accelerometers on a stable platform, using the platform coordinate system as the benchmark, the movement of the "pulse" object parameter. The fly in the ointment is that the platform-based inertial navigation system mostly uses mechanical stability platform, which is not only large in size, poor in reliability, but also expensive in maintenance and maintenance, which greatly limits its living space in the cruel battlefield environment. The platform-based inertial navigation system that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology put into use in 1953 weighed nearly 1 ton and the accuracy system was not high. In the 1970s, the US Air Force installed an advanced inertial reference platform on intercontinental missiles. Although the system accuracy has improved, the "obesity" has not been effectively controlled.
In modern society, the purpose of navigation is to obtain real-time orientation, attitude and speed information of objects. The Strapdown Inertial Navigation System directly mounts the inertial sensor on the object to be tested, which has the advantages of small size and high stability. It can directly transmit information to the navigation computer for real-time attitude calculation, and accurately provide the attitude, speed and latitude and longitude of the carrier. Parameter information.
At the beginning of the birth of the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System, people could not wait to use it as an emergency backup device for the Apollo-13 moon landing spacecraft. In the event of an explosion in the service module, the system successfully guided the spacecraft back into Earth orbit, a milestone in the development of the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System. Today, the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System has been widely used in aerospace, aviation, marine and other military fields. With the maturity of technology development and related costs, many countries have expanded their applications to include transportation, marine development, geodesy and exploration, and robot control.