Inertial navigation refers to the technique of automatically calculating the instantaneous velocity and instantaneous position data of an aircraft by measuring the acceleration of the aircraft. The devices that make up the inertial navigation system are installed in the aircraft. They are independent of external information, do not radiate energy to the outside world, and are not easily interfered. It is an autonomous navigation system.
Inertial navigation systems typically consist of inertial measurement devices, computers, control displays, and the like. The inertial measurement device includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope, also known as an inertial navigation combination. Three degrees of freedom gyroscopes measure the three rotational motions of the aircraft, three accelerometers measure the acceleration of the three translational motions of the aircraft; the computer calculates the speed and position data of the aircraft based on various measured information; the display shows various navigations parameter. According to the installation method of the inertial navigation combination on the aircraft, it can be divided into a platform inertial navigation system and a strapdown inertial navigation system. The former is installed on the platform of the inertia platform, with small calculation and high precision, but the structure is complex and the occupied area is large; the latter is directly installed on the aircraft, the structure is simple and the volume is small, but due to the poor working conditions, the accuracy of the instrument will be Reduced. Newtonian mechanics is the theoretical basis of inertial navigation.
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