In the early morning of May 16, 2019, Beijing time, the international scientific journal Nature released a major discovery in the field of lunar exploration in China. The research team led by Li Chunlai, a researcher at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, used the Chang'e 4 spectroscopy data to prove that there are deep materials mainly composed of olivine and low-calcium pyroxene in the back Antarctic-Aitken Basin (SPA). The long-standing problem of domestic and foreign scholars on the composition of the lunar material provides direct evidence and will provide support for improving the lunar formation and evolution model.
The theory of the early evolution of the moon suggests that the moon shell is formed by the floating crystals of the lighter plagioclase components in the magma ocean, while the heavier minerals such as olivine and pyroxene sink to form the moon. However, this inference about the composition of the New Moon has not been well proven.