Realization of fiber optic gyroscope is mainly based on the theory of Saigenike: when the beam moving in a circular channel, if the annular channel itself has a rotational speed, so the light time along the direction of rotation of the forward channel than the time required to rotate along the channel in the opposite direction need to. That is to say, when the optical loop turns, the optical path of the optical loop will change relative to the light path at the rest of the loop in the different direction of advance. Using the change of optical path, we can detect the phase difference or interference fringes of two optical paths, and then we can measure the rotation speed of optical path, which is the working principle of fiber optic gyroscope.
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