The principle of a gyroscope is that the direction of a rotating axis of a rotating object will not change when it is not affected by the external force. According to this reason, people use it to keep the direction. Then a variety of methods are used to read the direction indicated by the axis, and the data signal is automatically transmitted to the control system. We take advantage of this principle by riding a bicycle. The faster the wheel turns, the less easy it is, because the axle has a force to maintain the level. Modern gyroscopes can accurately determine the position of moving objects, and it is widely used in modern aviation, navigation, aerospace and defense industries. The main parts of the conventional inertial gyroscope are mechanical gyroscopes, and the mechanical gyroscopes have high requirements for the process structure. In 70s, the basic idea of modern fiber optic gyroscope was put forward. After 80s, the fiber optic gyroscope has been developed very rapidly, and the laser resonant gyroscope has also made great progress. The fiber optic gyroscope has the advantages of compact structure, high sensitivity and reliable work. In many fields, the fiber-optic gyroscope has completely replaced the mechanical traditional gyroscope, and has become the key component of the modern navigation instrument.
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